RMAN 사용 중 ORA-07217: sltln: environment variable cannot be evaluated.

원인 : environment variable(환경변수)이 잘못 설정되었습니다.

조치 : .profile안이나 show all; 중 잘못된 설정을 제대로 바꾸세요 
(다양한 원인과 조치가 있을 수 있습니다. 맨 아래 답글(comment)도 참조하세요) 

RMAN> backup database;

Starting backup at 09-MAR-12
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=136 instance=rac2 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

....생략....

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 09-MAR-12
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 03/09/2012 21:00:08
ORA-07217: sltln: environment variable cannot be evaluated.

에러를 찾아보세요 ^^;

RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/home/oracle/rman/$U_$T.rman';
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/home/oracle/product/10g/db/dbs/snapcf_rac2.f'; # default

CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/home/oracle/rman/$U_$T.rman';

의 오류입니다.

CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/home/oracle/rman/%U_%T.rman';

로 제대로 수정 후 다시 실행 

RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/home/oracle/rman/%U_%T.rman';

old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/home/oracle/rman/$U_$T.rman';
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/home/oracle/rman/%U_%T.rman';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
released channel: ORA_DISK_1

다시 실행합니다.

RMAN> backup as compressed backupset database;

Starting backup at 09-MAR-12
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=136 instance=rac2 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=/dev/raw/raw3
input datafile fno=00002 name=/dev/raw/raw17
input datafile fno=00004 name=/dev/raw/raw18
input datafile fno=00003 name=/dev/raw/raw4
input datafile fno=00006 name=/dev/raw/raw20
input datafile fno=00005 name=/dev/raw/raw15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 09-MAR-12
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 09-MAR-12
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman/10n5fgev_1_1_20120309.rman tag=TAG20120309T210639 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 09-MAR-12
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 09-MAR-12
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman/11n5fgff_1_1_20120309.rman tag=TAG20120309T210639 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 09-MAR-12